Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Plantae - (Phylum) Tracheophyta

Current position

Spermatophytina (Subphylum) Caval.-Sm. (1998)

Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 34). [implicit]

Alternative positions

Gymnospermae (Superclass)	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 34).
Gymnospermae (Infraphylum) auct.	Ref: C.J. Cleal & B.A. Thomas, 1995: 14. [indirect]
Gymnospermae ([unranked]) Lindl.	Ref: D.J. Mabberley, 2008: 929.
Gymnospermophyta (Division) Cleal (1994)	Ref: C.J. Cleal & B.A. Thomas, 1995: 14.
Pinophyta (Phylum) Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996)	Ref: A.B. Doweld, 2001: XIX.
Pinophyta (Division) Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996)	Ref: Новіков, А. & Барабаш-Красни, Б. / Novikoff, A. & Barabasz-Krasny, B., 2015: 60.

Historical positions

Gymnospermae (Superclass)	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 34).
Pinophyta (Division) Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996)	Ref: A. Novikoff & B. Barabasz-Krasny, 2015: 60.
Gymnospermae ([unranked]) Lindl.	Ref: D.J. Mabberley, 2008: 668, 929.
Pinophyta (Phylum) Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996)	Ref: A.B. Doweld, 2001: XIX.
Gymnospermophyta (Division) Cleal (1994)	Ref: C.J. Cleal & B.A. Thomas, 1995: 14.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	3o;6f;71g;182s;8ss;41v; †5o;14f;142g;12s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 19 May 2023	[3o;6f;71g]
2015b	M.A. Ruggiero et al.: table 2 (p. 34)	[1o]
2015	A. Novikoff & B. Barabasz-Krasny: 63	[3o;6f;69g; †4o;13f;143g]
2008	D.J. Mabberley: 668	1o;9f;74[76]g;659s
2001	A.B. Doweld: XX	[9o;19f; †1o;3f]
1995	C.J. Cleal & B.A. Thomas: 14	[; †2o;10f]