Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Plantae - (Phylum) Tracheophyta - (Class) Spermatopsida

Current position

core seed plants ([unranked])

Ref: M.J. Donoghue, 2004: fig. 33.1.

Alternative positions

embryophytes ([unranked])	Ref: APG III, 2009: 107.
Equisetopsida (Class) C.Agardh (1825)	Ref: M.W. Chase & J.L. Reveal, 2009: 123.
land plants ([unranked])	Ref: T.N. Taylor et al., 2009: App. 1 (p. 1029).
spermatophytes ([unranked])	Ref: K.M. Pryer et al., 2004: fig. 10.6.

Historical positions

embryophytes ([unranked])	Ref: APG III, 2009: 107, fig. 1.
Land plants ([unranked])	Ref: T.N. Taylor et al., 2009: App. 1 (p. 1029).
Equisetopsida (Class) C.Agardh (1825)	Ref: M.W. Chase & J.L. Reveal, 2009: 123.
core seed plants ([unranked])	Ref: M.J. Donoghue, 2004: fig. 33.1.
spermatophytes ([unranked])	Ref: K.M. Pryer et al., 2004: fig. 10.6.

Number of Subtaxa

2016	APG IV: App. (p. 20)	[64o;416f]
2010	Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew & Missouri Botanical Garden: 12 Aug 2011	406f;14,038g;~352,000[273,174]s
2009	APG III: 118	[59o;413f]
2003	APG II	[45o;401f]
1998	APG: 533	40o;462f