Basic information

Distribution	:	Arctic, Atlantic, Africa, Europe, Asia, Indian Ocean, Australasia, Pacific, North, Middle & South America, Antarctic
Period	:	Middle Pleistocene - Present [0.781 Ma - present]
Status	:	extant

Paleontology

Period	:	0.35 Mya - present	Ref: Wikimedia, 2001-present: 19 Sep 2021.
Period (first)	:	Formerly 0.195 Mya	Ref: M. Dembo et al., 2016: table 3 (p. 24).
Period	:	Late Pleistocene - Present	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 385.

Geography

Distribution	:	Cosmopolitan
Population	:	7,021.73E+6	Ref: United Nations Statistics Division, 2005-present: [5 Feb 2026] (mid 2010 est.).
Population	:	7,174,611,584	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: [14 Jun 2014] (Jul 2014 est.).
Population	:	7,256,490,011	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: [16 Mar 2016] (Jul 2015 est.).
Population	:	7,470.49E+6	Ref: United Nations Statistics Division, 2005-present: [5 Feb 2026] (mid 2015 est.).
Population	:	7,323,187,457	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: [7 Feb 2017] (Jul 2016 est.).
Population	:	7,405,107,650	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: [8 Dec 2017] (Jul 2017 est.).
Population	:	7,503,828,180	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: 30 Apr 2019 (2018 est.).
Population	:	7,684,292,383	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: 1 Jul 2020 (Jul 2020 est.).
Population	:	7,772,850,805	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: 4 May 2021 (Jul 2021 est.).
Population	:	7,905,336,896	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: [13 Sep 2022] (Jul 2022 est.).
Population	:	7,979,261,010	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: [1 Jun 2023] (2023 est.).
Population	:	8,091.73E+6	Ref: United Nations Statistics Division, 2005-present: [5 Feb 2026] (mid 2023 est.).
Population	:	8,057,236,243	Ref: CIA, 1994-2026: [5 May 2024] (2024 est.).
Population	:	8,231.61E+6	Ref: United Nations Statistics Division, 2005-present: [5 Feb 2026] (mid 2025 est.) ≡

Ecology

Nutritional group

:

Omnivore

Ecology/Habitat

Habitat

:

Mangrove swamp

Ref: WWF, present: im1406 [1 May 2014].

Ecology/Strategies

Feeding strategy	:	Cultivation
Feeding strategy	:	Predation