Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Protozoa

Phylogeny

Probably Paraphyletic/Ancestral (para)

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2022(2021): table 1 (p. 521: "*").

Original position

Rhizaria (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2002

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002b: table 2 (p. 326).

Subsequent positions

Diacentrida (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2021		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2022(2021): table 1 (p. 521).
Sarcomastigota (Subkingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 1983		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2010a: 342.

Original entries

Thecomonadea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 1993

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002b: table 2 (p. 326).

Subsequent entries

Diphyllatea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2003		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2003: table 1 (p. 1747).
Hilomonadea (Class) Cavalier-Smith, 2008		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith et al., 2008: 548.

Current position

Diacentrida (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2021

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2022(2021): table 1 (p. 521). [new position]

Alternative positions

Biciliata (Subkingdom)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: 1252.
Eukaryota (Domain) Chatton, 1925	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: 1252. [implicit]
Protozoa (Kingdom) Goldfuss, 1818	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2003: 1747.
Rhizaria (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2002	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002b: 326.
Sarcomastigota (Subkingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 1983	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2010a: fig. 1. [new position]
Unikonta ([unranked])	Ref: E. Glücksman et al., 2011: abstract. [implicit]

Historical positions

Diacentrida (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2021	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2022(2021): table 1 (p. 521), fig. 11. [new position]
unikonts (Supergroup)	Ref: E. Glücksman et al., 2011: abstract.
Sarcomastigota (Subkingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 1983	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2010a: 342, fig. 1. [new position]
Biciliata (Subkingdom)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: 1252.
Protozoa (Kingdom) Goldfuss, 1818	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2003: 1747.
Rhizaria (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 2002	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002b: 326. [new rank]

Number of Subtaxa

1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 18 Dec 2023	[2c;2o;3f;9g]
2022(2021)	T. Cavalier-Smith: table 1 (p. 521)	2c
2003	T. Cavalier-Smith	[2c;4o]
2003	T. Cavalier-Smith	[2c;4o]
2002b	T. Cavalier-Smith	[1c;3o]