Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
             Domain Archaea Woese et al. 2024 [paraphyletic]
               Kingdom Methanobacteriati (Garrity and Holt 2023) Oren and Göker 2024
                 Phylum Methanobacteriotaᵀ Garrity and Holt 2023
                   Class Thermoplasmata Reysenbach 2002
                     Order Thermoplasmatalesᵀ Reysenbach 2002
                       Family Thermoplasmataceaeᵀ Reysenbach 2002
                         1 Genus "Candidatus Carboxiplasma" Bulaev et al. 2023 nom. pro-inval.
                         2 Genus Oxyplasma Golyshina et al. 2024
                         3 Genus Thermoplasmaᵀ Darland et al. 1970 (Approved Lists 1980)