Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Domain Bacteria Woese et al. 2024
             Kingdom Bacillatiᵀ (Gibbons and Murray 1978) Oren and Göker 2024
               Phylum Bacillotaᵀ Gibbons and Murray 2021
                 Class Clostridia Rainey 2010
                   Order Thermoanaerobacterales Wiegel 2010
                     Family Thermoanaerobacteraceaeᵀ Wiegel 2010
                       Genus Carboxydothermus Svetlichny et al. 1991
                         1 Carboxydothermus ferrireducens (Slobodkin et al. 1997) Slobodkin et al. 2006
                         2 Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformansᵀ Svetlichny et al. 1991
                         3 Carboxydothermus islandicus Novikov et al. 2011
                         4 Carboxydothermus pertinax Yoneda et al. 2012
                         5 Carboxydothermus siderophilus Slepova et al. 2009