Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Domain Bacteria Woese et al. 1990 [paraphyletic?]
             Superphylum Terrabacteria Battistuzzi et al. 2004
               Phylum "Actinobacteria" Garrity and Holt 2001
                 Class Actinobacteriaᵀ Stackebrandt et al. 1997
                   Order Actinomycetalesᵀ Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980)
                     Suborder Actinomycineaeᵀ Stackebrandt et al. 1997 [monotypic]
                       Family Actinomycetaceaeᵀ Buchanan 1918 (Approved Lists 1980)
                         Genus Arcanobacterium Collins et al. 1983
                           Arcanobacterium bialowiezense Lehnen et al. 2006