Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade natates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade photaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade eucorta Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Superkingdom Corticata Lankester, 1878 - corticates
Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants
Infrakingdom Streptophyta Caval.-Sm. (1993)
Clade Phragmoplastophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Hall, McCourt, Delwiche, Mishler & Karol 2020]
Phylum Charophytaᵀ Migula (1889) [monotypic]
Genus †Baccinellula Weyland (1963), incertae sedis
Genus †Closterimopsis L.M. Yin & Z.P. Li (1978), incertae sedis
Genus †Desmidopsis L.M. Yin & Z.P. Li (1978), incertae sedis
Genus †Paleospiralis incertae sedis
Genus †Spirogyrites Shukla (1950), incertae sedis
Genus †Stenixys T.M.Harris (1938), incertae sedis
Genus Astrocosmium Stockmayer (1888), incertae sedis
Genus Didymidium P.F. Reinsch (1867), incertae sedis
Genus Phycastrum Kützing ex Kützing (1849), incertae sedis
Genus Phycoleda Itzigs. (1854), incertae sedis
Genus Polysolenia C.G. Ehrenberg ex F.T. Kützing (1849), incertae sedis
Genus Schizospora P.F. Reinsch, 1874-1875, incertae sedis
Order Desmidiales - placoderm desmids
Order Zygnematales [paraphyletic] - filamentous conjugates and saccoderm desmids
1 Family Zygnemataceaeᵀ (Meneghini) Kützing (1843) [polyphyletic]
2 Family Mesotaeniaceae [polyphyletic]