Lepidosauria Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier, Estes & de Queiroz 1988], nom. cl. inval. see Class Lepidosauria Haeckel, 1866
   Order Squamata Oppel, 1811
     Bifurcata Vidal & Hedges, 2005
       Unidentata Vidal & Hedges, 2005
         Episquamata Vidal & Hedges, 2005
           Toxicofera Vidal & Hedges, 2005
             Serpentes see Suborder Serpentes Linnaeus, 1758
               Alethinophidia Nopcsa, 1923 see Infraorder Alethinophidia Nopcsa, 1923
                 Afrophidia Vidal, Delmas & Hedges, 2007
                   Caenophidia Hoffstetter, 1939
                     Family Viperidae Oppel, 1811 - vipers and pit vipers