Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
   Neognathae Pycraft 1900 see Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
     Neoaves Sibley et al. 1988 see Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
       Charadriiformes Huxley, 1867 - shorebirds, gulls, auks
         Alcidae Vigors, 1825 - auks
           Fratercula Brisson, 1760
             Fratercula arctica (Linnaeus, 1758) - Atlantic puffin
               1 Fratercula arctica naumanni Norton, 1901
               2 Fratercula arctica arctica (Linnaeus, 1758)
               3 Fratercula arctica grabae (Brehm, 1831)