[plants] Haeckel (1866) - plants
   vascular plants see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
     euphyllophytes see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
       Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval. - seed plants see Clade Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
         Class Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
           "Eudicots" see Clade Eudicotyledoneae Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
             "Core Eudicots" see Clade Gunneridae Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2007 [Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2020]
               Rosidae Takht. (1967) see Superorder Rosanae Takht. (1967)
                 Fabids see Clade Fabidae Judd, Soltis & Soltis 2007 [Judd, Soltis, Soltis & Cantino 2020]
                   Order Malpighiales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
                     Family Euphorbiaceae Juss. (1789), nom. cons. - spurge family
                       1 'III' Subfamily Acalyphoideae
                       1.1 'I' Subfamily Peroideae see Family Peraceae Klotzsch (1859)
                       1.2 'II' Subfamily Cheilosoideae
                       2 'IV' Subfamily Crotonoideae
                       3 'V' Subfamily Euphorbioideae
                       n.2 'II' Subfamily Oldfieldioideae see Family Picrodendraceae Small (1917), nom. cons.