Phylum [Vertebrata] Lamarck, 1801 see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
   Class Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
     Subclass Theria Parker & Haswell, 1897
       Infraclass Eutheria Gill, 1872
         Cohort Epitheria McKenna, 1975
           Superorder Ferae Linnaeus, 1758 see Grandorder Ferae Linnaeus, 1758
             Order Carnivora Bowdich, 1821 - carnivores
               Suborder Fissipeda Blumenbach, 1791 see Order Carnivora Bowdich, 1821
                 Superfamily Canoidea Batsch, 1788 see Infraorder Canoidea "Batsch, 1788"
                   Family Ursidae Batsch, 1788 - bears
                     Genus Ursus Linnaeus, 1758 - black, brown, polar, sun, and sloth bears
                       ‡Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller & Heinroth, 1794