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Taxon: Phylum Gnathostomulida Ax, 1956 - gnathostomulids (invertebrate)
 Entity: 

Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia

Current position

Gnathifera ([unranked]) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: F. Marlétaz et al., 2019: 5 (fig. 3). [inferred rank]

Alternative positions

Acoelomata ([unranked]) Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1998: 230-231.
Acoelomata (Section) Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 320.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2013: 9.
Articulata ([unranked]) Cuvier
Eumetazoa (Subkingdom) Butschli, 1910 Ref: W.E. Sterrer, 1982: 847.
Gnathifera (Superphylum) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: E.E. Ruppert et al., 2004: fig. 9.26B.
Metazoa (Subkingdom) Haeckel, 1874 Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Platyzoa ([unranked]) Ax, 1987 Ref: K.J. Peterson & D.J. Eernisse, 2001: 172. [inferred rank]
Spiralia (Superphylum) Schleip, 1929 Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 44).

Historical positions

Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: T. Rees et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 131).
Gnathifera ([unranked]) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: F. Marlétaz et al., 2019: 5 (fig. 3). [inferred rank]
Spiralia (Superphylum) Schleip, 1929 Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 44).
Gnathifera ([unranked]) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: fig. 1.6 (G. Edgecombe). [out of scope (coherent)]
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2013: 9.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2011: 11.
Gnathifera ([unranked]) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 120.
Gnathifera (Superphylum) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: E.E. Ruppert et al., 2004: 785-786, figs. 9.26B, 23.26.
Platyzoa ([unranked]) Ax, 1987 Ref: K.J. Peterson & D.J. Eernisse, 2001: 172, [176]; 203.
Gnathifera ([unranked]) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: C. Nielsen, 2001: 309-311, fig. 1.2.
organisms ([unranked]) Ref: J. van der Land, 2001: 151.
Gnathifera ([unranked]) Ahlrichs, 1995 Ref: G. Giribet et al., 2000: 551, tab. 2, fig. 4; tab. 1.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: 1998
Acoelomata ([unranked]) Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1998: 230-231.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: 1995
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990: 372-374; 4.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: R.S. Boardman et al., 1987
Metazoa (Subkingdom) Haeckel, 1874 Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Eumetazoa (Subkingdom) Butschli, 1910 Ref: W.E. Sterrer, 1982: 847.
Acoelomata ([unranked]) Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 184-185.
Acoelomata (Section) Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 320.

Number of Subtaxa

2024 Available in Systema Naturae 2000 2o;12f;18g;27s
1989-present Systema Naturae 2000 2o;[11f];20g;90s
2020 T. Rees et al.: table 2 (p. 131) 29ng;27[-28]g; †0g
2013 Z.-Q. Zhang: 9 97s; †0s
2011 Z.-Q. Zhang: 11 109s
2011 Z.-Q. Zhang: 11 109s
2000 G. Giribet et al.: 551 2c
1997 TAMU 20g89s
1990 R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca ~80s
1982 W.E. Sterrer: 847 2o;[10f];20[16]g;>80s
1982 L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz 18g80s
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Last updated: 1 Feb 2024