Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Reptilia

Subsequent positions

Carinatae (Infraclass) Merrem, 1813

Ref: P. Brodkorb, 1971: 201. [assumed]

Current position

Cuculimorphae (Superorder) Sibley et al., 1988

Ref: B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007: 93.

Alternative positions

Carinatae (Infraclass) Merrem, 1813	Ref: P. Brodkorb, 1971: 201. [new position]
Neoaves (Subdivision) Sibley et al., 1988	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 399.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 624.
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1975 (1969): 574.

Historical positions

Cuculimorphae (Superorder) Sibley et al., 1988	Ref: B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007: 93.
Neoaves (Subdivision) Sibley et al., 1988	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 284, 399.
Neoaves (Clade) Sibley et al. 1988	Ref: J. Cracraft et al., 2003: 18. [inferred rank]
Aves (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1995
Cuculimorphae (Superorder) Sibley et al., 1988	Ref: B.L. Monroe Jr. & C.G. Sibley, 1993: 43.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: C.M. Perrins, 1991 (1990): 20, 378.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 624.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: W.J. Bock, 1982: 988.
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1975 (1969): 574.
Carinatae (Infraclass) Merrem, 1813	Ref: P. Brodkorb, 1971: 201. [new position]

Number of Subtaxa

2025	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	2f;41g;160s;242ss; ‡1g;4s;2ss; †1f;4g;1s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 1 Jul 2019	[2f;41g;160s;242ss]
2007	B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi	[2f]
2003	E.C. Dickinson: 218	[1f;35g;137s;215ss]
2003	J. Cracraft et al.	[1f;35g;137s; ‡1s]
1993	B.L. Monroe Jr. & C.G. Sibley	[6f];30g;143[142]s; ‡[1s]
1991 (1990)	C.M. Perrins	[3f;41g];163[162]s; ‡[1s]
1990		6f
1988	R.L. Carroll: 625	[3f]
1982	W.J. Bock	2so;2f
1971	P. Brodkorb	[; †4g]