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Node-based clade: "Aves" Linnaeus 1758 [Gauthier 1986], nom. cl. inval. (bird)
 Entity: 

Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Sauropsida - (Family) Compsognathidae

Phylogeny

Node-based clade Ref: J. Gauthier, 1986: 14. [implicit]

Defined by the most recent common ancestor (and all its descendants) of

Neognathae (Clade) Pycraft 1900 Ref: J. Gauthier, 1986: 14.
Ratitae (Clade) (Merrem, 1813) Ref: J. Gauthier, 1986: 14.
Tinami (Clade) Ref: J. Gauthier, 1986: 14.

Included, by definition, in node-based clade

Dinosauria (Clade) Owen 1841 [Padian & May 1993], nom. cl. inval. Ref: S.J. Nesbitt, 2011: 210 (Padian & May, 1993: "birds").

Included, by definition, in branch-based clade

Ornithurae (Clade) Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] Ref: J. Gauthier, 1986: 13 ("Extant birds").
Saurischia (Clade) Seeley 1887 [Gauthier 1986], nom. cl. inval. Ref: J. Gauthier, 1986: 15 ("birds").

Excluded, by definition, from branch-based clade

Deinonychosauria (Clade) Colbert & Russell 1969 [Padian 1997] Ref: P.J. Currie & K. Padian (eds.), 1997: 166 (as "birds"); 32.
Lepidosauromorpha (Clade) Benton 1983 [Benton 1985] Ref: J. Gauthier et al., 1988a: 27 ("birds").
Ornithischia (Clade) Seeley 1887 [Padian & May 1993] Ref: S.J. Nesbitt, 2011: 210 (Padian & May, 1993: "birds").
Oviraptorosauria (Clade) Barsbold 1976 [Barsbold 1997] Ref: R. Barsbold, 1997: 508 (as "birds"); 32.
Troodontidae (Clade) Gilmore 1924 [Varricchio 1997] Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 177 ("'other well defined groups' presumably include eudromaeosaurs and crown avians") (Varricchio, 1997).

Node-based clade

Aves (Clade) Linnaeus 1758 [Gauthier 1986], nom. cl. inval. Ref: P.C. Sereno, 1998: table 4 (p. 65).

Current position

Avialae (Clade) Gauthier 1986 Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: 13 (fig. 5).

Alternative positions

Archosauria (Clade) Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 1985], nom. cl. inval. Ref: T. Rowe, 1988: fig. 1.
Maniraptora (Clade) Gauthier 1986 Ref: M.J. Benton, 1990: fig. 1.5.
Paraves (Clade) Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998] Ref: Zanno, 2010: fig. 6

Historical positions

Avialae (Clade) Gauthier 1986 Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: 13 (fig. 5).
Paraves (Clade) Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998] Ref: L.E. Zanno, 2010: fig. 6.
Archosauria (Clade) Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 1985], nom. cl. inval. Ref: N. Iwabe et al., 2005: fig. 1c.
Avialae (Clade) Gauthier 1986 Ref: K. Padian, 2004: 210, figs. 11.8, 11.12. [implicit]
Avialae (Clade) Gauthier 1986 Ref: L.M. Chiappe, 2001: [126] (fig. 1). [indirect]
Paraves (Clade) Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998] Ref: P.C. Sereno, 1998: table 4 (p. 65), figs. 9A, B.
Maniraptora (Clade) Gauthier 1986 Ref: M.J. Benton, 1990: fig. 1.5.
Archosauria (Clade) Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 1985], nom. cl. inval. Ref: T. Rowe, 1988: fig. 1.
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Last updated: 1 Feb 2024