organisms
 see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
  
 Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
    
 Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
      
 Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908 - deuterostomes
 see Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
        
 Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
          
 Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
 see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
            
 Superclass Pisces Linnaeus, 1758 - fishes
              
 Class Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880 - cartilaginous fishes