Superphylum Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908 - deuterostomes see Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
   Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
     Subphylum Craniata auct.
       Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates see Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
         Myopterygii Janvier, 1978 - myopterygians
           Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
             Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836 see Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
               Class †Acanthodii Owen, 1846 - acanthodians
                 1 [plesion] Genus †Lupopsyrus Bernacsek & Dineley, 1977
                 2 [plesion] Genus †Obtusacanthus Hanke & Wilson, 2004
                 3 [plesion] Genus †Lupopsyroides Hanke & Wilson, 2004
                 4 Genus †Granulacanthus Hanke, Wilson & Lindoe, 2001, incertae sedis
                 5 Genus †Cassidiceps Gagnier & Wilson, 1996, incertae sedis
                 6 Genus †Paucicanthus Hanke, 2002, incertae sedis
                 7 Order †Climatiiformes Berg, 1940 [paraphyletic?]
                 8 Order †Acanthodiformes Berg, 1940
                 9 Order †Ischnacanthiformes Berg, 1940