Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Craniata auct.
Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Superclass Gnathostomataᵀ Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
[crown] Clade Eugnathostomata
Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Actinopterygii Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Actinopterygiiᵀ Woodward 1891 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Actinopteri Moore & Near 2020
Class Actinopteri Cope, 1871
Subclass Neopterygii Regan, 1923
Infraclass Teleosteomorpha Arratia, 2001
Division Teleostei Müller, 1845
Supercohort Teleocephala de Pinna, 1996 - crown-group Teleostei
Cohort Clupeocephala Patterson & Rosen, 1977
Subcohort Euteleosteomorpha Greenwood et al., 1966
Infracohort Neoteleostei Nelson, 1969
Supersection Eurypterygia Rosen, 1973
Section Ctenosquamata Rosen, 1973
Subsection Acanthomorphata Rosen, 1973
Clade Euacanthomorpha Johnson & Patterson, 1993
Clade Holacanthopterygii Johnson & Patterson, 1993
Division Acanthopterygii Rosen & Patterson, 1969
Subdivision Percomorphaceae
Series Carangaria [monotypic]
Order Carangiformesᵀ Jordan, 1923 [monophyletic?] - jacks
Suborder Pleuronectoidei
Superfamily Soleoidea Gilbert, 1905
Family Cynoglossidae Jordan, 1888 - tonguefishes
Subfamily Cynoglossinaeᵀ Jordan, 1888 - hookedsnout tongue soles
Genus Cynoglossusᵀ Hamilton, 1822
Cynoglossus abbreviatus (Gray, 1834) - three-lined tongue sole
Cynoglossus acaudatus Gilchrist, 1906 - Natal tongue-fish
Cynoglossus acutirostris Norman, 1939 - sharpnose tonguesole
Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - largescale tonguesole
Cynoglossus attenuatus Gilchrist, 1904 - fourline tonguesole
Cynoglossus bilineatus (Lacepède, 1802) - fourline tonguesole
Cynoglossus broadhursti Waite, 1905 - southern tongue sole
Cynoglossus browni Chabanaud, 1949 - Nigerian tonguesole
Cynoglossus cadenati Chabanaud, 1947 - Ghanian tonguesole
Cynoglossus canariensis Steindachner, 1882 - Canary tonguesole
Cynoglossus capensis (Kaup, 1858) - sand tonguefish
Cynoglossus carpenteri Alcock, 1889 - hooked tonguesole
Cynoglossus cynoglossus (Hamilton, 1822) - Bengal tongue sole
Cynoglossus dispar Day, 1877 - roundhead toungesole
Cynoglossus dollfusi (Chabanaud, 1931)
Cynoglossus dubius Day, 1873 - carrot tonguesole
Cynoglossus durbanensis Regan, 1921 - Durban tonguesole
Cynoglossus feldmanni (Bleeker, 1853) - river tonguesole
Cynoglossus gilchristi Regan, 1920 - ripplefin tonguesole
Cynoglossus gracilis Günther, 1873
Cynoglossus heterolepis Weber, 1910
Cynoglossus interruptus Günther, 1880 - Genko sole
Cynoglossus itinus (Snyder, 1909)
Cynoglossus joyneri Günther, 1878 - red tonguesole
Cynoglossus kapuasensis Fowler, 1905
Cynoglossus kopsii (Bleeker, 1851) - shortheaded tonguesole
Cynoglossus lachneri Menon, 1977 - Lachner's tonguesole
Cynoglossus lida (Bleeker, 1851) - roughscale tonguesole
Cynoglossus lighti Norman, 1925
Cynoglossus lineolatus Steindachner, 1867
Cynoglossus lingua Hamilton, 1822 - long tongue sole
Cynoglossus maccullochi Norman, 1926
Cynoglossus macrolepidotus (Bleeker, 1851)
Cynoglossus macrophthalmus Norman, 1926
Cynoglossus macrostomus Norman, 1928 - Malabar tonguesole
Cynoglossus maculipinnis Rendahl, 1921
Cynoglossus marleyi Regan, 1921 - threeline tonguesole
Cynoglossus melampetalus (Richardson, 1846)
Cynoglossus microlepis (Bleeker, 1851) - smallscale tonguesole
Cynoglossus monodi Chabanaud, 1949 - Guinean tonguesole
Cynoglossus monopus (Bleeker, 1849)
Cynoglossus nigropinnatus Ochiai, 1963
Cynoglossus ogilbyi Norman, 1926
Cynoglossus oligolepis (Bleeker, 1854)
Cynoglossus pottii Steindachner, 1902
Cynoglossus puncticeps (Richardson, 1846) - mottled tonguesole
Cynoglossus purpureomaculatus Regan, 1905
Cynoglossus quadriocellatus Fricke, 2020
Cynoglossus robustus Günther, 1873
Cynoglossus roulei Weber, 1932
Cynoglossus sealarki Regan, 1908
Cynoglossus semifasciatus Day, 1877 - Bengal tongue-sole
Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, 1873
Cynoglossus senegalensis (Kaup, 1858) - Senegalese tonguesole
Cynoglossus sibogae Weber, 1913
Cynoglossus sinicus Wu, 1932
Cynoglossus sinusarabici (Chabanaud, 1931)
Cynoglossus suyeni Fowler, 1934
Cynoglossus trigrammus Günther, 1862
Cynoglossus trulla (Cantor, 1849)
Cynoglossus waandersii (Bleeker, 1854)
Cynoglossus zanzibarensis Norman, 1939 - redspotted tonguesole