Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Craniata auct.
Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Superclass Gnathostomataᵀ Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
[crown] Clade Eugnathostomata
Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Sarcopterygii
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Clade Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson, 2006
Clade Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901 [Cloutier & Ahlberg 1996]
Clade Eotetrapodiformes Coates & Friedman, 2010
[crown] Clade Elpistostegalia Camp & Allison, 1961
Clade Stegocephali Cope 1868 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Labyrinthodontia Owen 1859 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Pan-Amniota Rowe 2004 [Laurin & Smithson 2020]
Clade Batrachosauria
Clade Amniota Haeckel 1866 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Clade Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Clade Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Clade Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
Clade Neodiapsida Benton 1985
Clade Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
Clade Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
Clade Pan-Archosauria Gauthier 2020
Clade Archosauromorpha von Huene 1946 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crocopoda Ezcurra 2016
Clade Archosauriformes Gauthier 1994 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crurotarsi Sereno & Arcucci 1990
Clade Archosauriaᵀ Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 2020]
Clade Pan-Aves Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Ornithodira Gauthier 1986 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauriformes Novas 1992 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dracohorsᵀ Cau 2018
Clade Dinosauria Owen 1842 [Langer, Novas, Bittencourt, Ezcurra & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Saurischiaᵀ Seeley 1888 [Gauthier, Langer, Novas, Bittencourt & Ezcurra 2020]
Clade Eusaurischia Padian et al. 1999
Clade Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Naish, Cau, Holtz Jr., Fabbri & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Averostraᵀ Paul 2002
Clade Tetanurae Gauthier 1986
Clade Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012
Clade Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
Clade Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
Clade Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.
Clade Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Clade Maniraptora Gauthier 1986
Clade Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014
Clade Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Avialae Gauthier 1986
Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
Clade Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
Clade Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995
Clade Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001
Clade Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
Clade Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown] Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
Subcohort Galloanserae Sibley, Ahlquist & Monroe Jr., 1988 [monotypic]
Superorder Galloanserimorphaeᵀ Sibley, Ahlquist & Monroe Jr., 1988
Order Anseriformes Wagler, 1831 - waterfowl and screamers
Suborder Anseresᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - waterfowl
Superfamily Anatoidea Vigors, 1825
Family Anatidaeᵀ Vigors, 1825 - ducks, geese, swans
Subfamily Anatinaeᵀ Vigors, 1825 - pond ducks
Genus Anasᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - Pacific black duck
‡Anas theodori (Newton & Gadow, 1893) - Mauritian duck
01 Anas capensis Gmelin, 1789 - Cape teal
02 Anas strepera Linnaeus, 1758 - gadwall
03 Anas falcata Georgi, 1775 - falcated teal
04 Anas sibilatrix Poeppig, 1829 - Chiloe wigeon
05 Anas penelope Linnaeus, 1758 - Eurasian wigeon
06 Anas americana Gmelin, 1789 - American wigeon
07 ‡Anas marecula Olson & Jouventin, 1996 - Amsterdam Island duck
08 Anas sparsa Eyton, 1838 - African black duck
09 Anas rubripes Brewster, 1902 - American black duck
10 Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758 - mallard
11 Anas fulvigula Ridgway, 1874 - mottled duck
12.1 Anas wyvilliana Sclater, 1878 - Hawaiian duck
12.2 Anas laysanensis Rothschild, 1892 - Laysan duck
13 Anas luzonica Fraser, 1839 - Philippine duck
14 Anas superciliosa Gmelin, 1789 - Pacific black duck
15 Anas poecilorhyncha Forster, 1781 - spot-billed duck
16 Anas undulata Dubois, 1839 - yellow-billed duck
17 Anas melleri Sclater, 1865 - Meller's duck
18 Anas discors Linnaeus, 1766 - blue-winged teal
19 Anas cyanoptera Vieillot, 1816 - cinnamon teal
20 Anas smithii (Hartert, 1891) - Cape shoveler
21 Anas platalea Vieillot, 1816 - red shoveler
22 Anas rhynchotis Latham, 1802 - Australasian shoveler
23 Anas clypeata Linnaeus, 1758 - northern shoveler
24 Anas bernieri (Hartlaub, 1860) - Madagascan teal
25 Anas gibberifrons Müller, 1842 - Sunda teal
26 Anas gracilis Buller, 1869 - grey teal
27 Anas castanea (Eyton, 1838) - chestnut-breasted teal
28.1 Anas chlorotis Gray, 1845 - brown teal
28.2 Anas aucklandica (Gray, 1844) - Auckland Islands teal
28.3 Anas nesiotis (Fleming, 1935) - Campbell Island teal
29 Anas bahamensis Linnaeus, 1758 - white-cheeked pintail
30 Anas erythrorhyncha Gmelin, 1789 - red-billed duck
31 Anas flavirostris Vieillot, 1816 - speckled teal
32 Anas georgica Gmelin, 1789 - yellow-billed pintail
33.1 Anas acuta Linnaeus, 1758 - northern pintail
33.2 Anas eatoni (Sharpe, 1875) - Kerguelen pintail
34 Anas querquedula Linnaeus, 1758 - garganey
35 Anas formosa Georgi, 1775 - Baikal teal
36 Anas crecca Linnaeus, 1758 - common teal
37 Anas versicolor Vieillot, 1816 - silver teal
38 Anas hottentota (Eyton, 1838) - Hottentot teal