Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Reptilia - (Order) Passeriformes - (Family) Passeridae

Current position

Passer (Genus) Brisson, 1760

Ref: E.C. Dickinson, 2003: 716.

Historical positions

Passer (Genus) Brisson, 1760	Ref: E.C. Dickinson, 2003: 716.
Passer (Genus) Brisson, 1760	Ref: B.L. Monroe Jr. & C.G. Sibley, 1993: 288.
Passer (Genus) Brisson, 1760	Ref: W.J. Bock, 1982: 1012.
Passer (Genus) Brisson, 1760	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1974 (1970): 651.

Included, by definition, in node-based clade

Archosauria (Clade) Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 1985]		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: tables.php [8 Mar 2016]
Averostra (Clade) Paul 2002		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 61) (Allain et al., 2012)
Avetheropoda (Clade) Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 61) (modified from Holtz et al., 2004)
Dinosauria (Clade) Owen 1841		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: tables.php [8 Mar 2016]
Dinosauriformes (Clade) Novas 1992		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: tables.php [8 Mar 2016]
Maniraptoriformes (Clade) Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]		Ref: T.R. Holtz Jr. & H. Osmólska, 2004: 22
Maniraptoriformes (Clade) Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 66) (Maryanska et al., 2002)
Neotheropoda (Clade) Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 68) (Sereno, 2005)
Orionides (Clade) Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 69) (modified from Carrano et al., 2012)
Ornithes (Clade) Martyniuk 2012, nom. ined.		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 177
Pennaraptora (Clade) Foth et al. 2014		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 70) (Foth et al., 2014)
Pennaraptora (Clade) Foth et al. 2014		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 70) (Foth et al., 2014)
Tyrannoraptora (Clade) Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.		Ref: T.R. Holtz Jr. et al., 2004: 107
Tyrannoraptora (Clade) Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.		Ref: Sereno, 1999a.

Included, by definition, in branch-based clade

Avemetatarsalia (Clade) Benton 1999		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: tables.php [8 Mar 2016]
Avialae (Clade) Gauthier 1986		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 61) (Maryanska et al., 2002)
Coelurosauria (Clade) Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 64) (Sereno, 2005)
Dinosauromorpha (Clade) Benton 1985		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: tables.php [8 Mar 2016]
Maniraptora (Clade) Gauthier 1986		Ref: T.R. Holtz Jr. & H. Osmólska, 2004: 22
Maniraptora (Clade) Gauthier 1986		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 66) (Maryanska et al., 2002)
Paraves (Clade) Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: T.R. Holtz Jr. & H. Osmólska, 2004: 22
Paraves (Clade) Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 70) (Holtz & Osmólska, 2004)
Saurischia (Clade) Seeley 1887 [Gauthier 1986]		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: taxon_edit.php [23 Mar 2016]
Tetanurae (Clade) Gauthier 1986		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 71) (Allain et al., 2012)
Theropoda (Clade) Marsh 1881 [Gauthier 1986]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 72) (Sereno, 2005)

Excluded, by qualifying clause, from node-based clade

†Deinonychosauria (Clade) Colbert & Russell 1969 [Padian 1997]

Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 64) (modified from Sereno, 2005)

Excluded, by definition, from branch-based clade

†Allosauridae (Clade) Marsh 1878 [Padian & Hutchinson 1997]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 60) (Sereno, 2005)
†Allosauroidea (Clade) Currie & Zhao 1993 [Padian & Hutchinson 1997]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 60) (Sereno, 2005)
†Alvarezsauroidea (Clade) Livezey & Zusi 2007 [Choiniere, Xu, Clark, Forster, Guo & Han 2010]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 61) (modified from Choiniere et al., 2010b)
†Archaeopterygidae (Clade) Huxley 1871 [Xu et al. 2011]		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 177 (Xu et al., 2011)
†Caenagnathiformes (Clade) Sternberg 1940 [Martyniuk 2012], nom. ined.		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 176
†Ceratosauria (Clade) Marsh 1895 [Rowe & Gauthier 1990]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 63) (Sereno, 2005 sensu Holtz & Padian, 1995)
Charadriiformes (Clade) Huxley 1867 [Martyniuk 2012], nom. ined.		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 182
†Coelophysoidea (Clade) Holtz 1994 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 63) (Sereno, 2005)
†Compsognathidae (Clade) Cope 1871 [Holtz et al. 2004]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 64) (Holtz et al., 2004)
†Compsognathidae (Clade) Cope 1871 [Holtz et al. 2004]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 64) (Holtz et al., 2004)
†Confuciusornithiformes (Clade) Hou, Zhou, Gu & Zhang 1995 [Martyniuk 2012], nom. ined.		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 179
†Dilophosauridae (Clade) Charig & Milner 1990 [Hendrickx, Hartman & Mateus 2015]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 65)
†Dromaeosauridae (Clade) Ostrom 1969 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 65) (Sereno, 2005)
†Dromaeosaurinae (Clade) Matthew & Brown 1922 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 65) (Sereno, 2005)
Gaviiformes (Clade) Wetmore & Miller 1926 [Martyniuk 2012], nom. ined.		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 182
†Herrerasauridae (Clade) Benedetto 1973 [Novas 1992]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 66) (Sereno, 2005)
†Jinfengopteryginae (Clade) Turner et al. 2012		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 66) (Turner et al., 2012)
†Jinfengopteryginae (Clade) Turner et al. 2012		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 66) (modified from Turner et al., 2012)
†Megalosauria (Clade) Bonaparte 1850 [Allain et al. 2012]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 66) (Allain et al., 2012)
†Megalosauridae (Clade) Bonaparte 1850 [Allain 2002]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 66) (Holtz et al., 2004)
†Megalosauroidea (Clade) Walker 1964 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 67) (modified from Holtz et al., 2004)
†Megaraptoridae (Clade) Novas et al. 2013		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 67) (Novas et al., 2013)
†Megaraptoridae (Clade) Novas et al. 2013		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 67) (modified from Novas et al., 2013)
†Metriacanthosauridae (Clade) Carrano et al. 2012 [Padian & Hutchinson 1997]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 67) (modified from Sereno, 2005)
†Microraptorinae (Clade) Senter et al. 2004 [Sereno 2005]		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: taxon_edit.php [7 Oct 2007]
†Microraptorinae (Clade) Senter et al. 2004 [Sereno 2005]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 68) (Sereno, 2005)
†Ornithodesmidae (Clade) Hooley 1913 [Martyniuk 2012], nom. ined.		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 177
†Ornithomimosauria (Clade) Barsbold 1976 [Osmólska 1997]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 69) (Lee et al., 2014)
†Oviraptorosauria (Clade) Barsbold 1976 [Barsbold 1997]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 69) (Maryanska et al., 2002)
†Pterosauromorpha (Clade) Padian 1997		Ref: P.C. Sereno, 2005: tables.php [8 Mar 2016]
†Saurornithes (Clade) Nicholson 1878 [Martyniuk 2012], nom. ined.		Ref: M.P. Martyniuk, 2012: 177
†Spinosauridae (Clade) Stromer 1915 [Sereno 1998]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 71) (Sereno, 2005)
†Troodontidae (Clade) Gilmore 1924 [Varricchio 1997]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 72) (Sereno, 2005)
†Unenlagiinae (Clade) Bonaparte 1999 [Makovicky et al. 2005]		Ref: C. Hendrickx et al., 2015: table (p. 73) (Sereno, 2005)

Number of Subtaxa

2023

Available in Systema Naturae 2000

3ss