Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown clade] Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown clade] Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown clade] Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown clade] Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
[node-based clade] Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
[branch-based clade] Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
[branch-based clade] Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
[branch-based clade] Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Craniata auct.
Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
[total clade] Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Eugnathostomata
[total clade] Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
[crown clade] Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
[total clade] Pan-Sarcopterygii
[crown clade] Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson, 2006
[crown clade] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901 [Cloutier & Ahlberg 1996]
Eotetrapodiformes Coates & Friedman, 2010
Elpistostegalia Camp & Allison, 1961
[branch-based clade] Stegocephali Cope 1868 [Laurin 2020]
[node-based clade] Labyrinthodontia Owen 1859 [Laurin 2020]
[crown clade] Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Laurin 2020]
[total clade] Pan-Amniota Rowe 2004 [Laurin & Smithson 2020]
Batrachosauria
[crown clade] Amniota Haeckel 1866 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
[branch-based clade] Synapsida Osborn 1903 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
[node-based clade] Therapsida Broom 1905 [Rowe 2020]
Theriodontia Owen, 1876
Eutheriodontia
[apomorphy-based clade] Cynodontia Owen 1861 [Rowe 2020]
[branch-based clade] Epicynodontia Hopson & Kitching 2001
[node-based clade] Eucynodontia Kemp 1982 [Rowe 1993]
Probainognathia Hopson, 1990
[node-based clade] Mammaliamorpha Rowe 1988 [Rowe 2020]
[node-based clade] Mammaliaformes Rowe 1988 [Rowe 2020]
[branch-based clade] Amphilestheria Gaetano & Rougier 2011
Holotheria Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
[crown clade] Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
[total clade] Theriimorpha Rowe 1993
[node-based clade] Theriiformes Rowe 1988
[node-based clade] Trechnotheria McKenna 1975
[node-based clade] Cladotheria McKenna 1975
[node-based clade] Zatheria McKenna 1975
[node-based clade] Prototribosphenida Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
[node-based clade] Boreosphenida Luo, Cifelli & Kielan-Jaworowska 2001
[crown clade] Theria Parker & Haswell, 1897
[total clade] Eutheria Gill, 1872
[crown clade] Placentalia Owen, 1837 - placentals
[crown clade] Boreoeutheria Springer & de Jong, 2001
[crown clade] Laurasiatheria Waddell, Okada & Hasegawa, 1999
[crown clade] Scrotifera Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999
Chiroptera Blumenbach, 1779 - bats
Vespertilioniformes
Noctilionoidea Gray, 1821
Phyllostomidae Gray, 1825 - New-World leaf-nosed bats
Glossophaginae Bonaparte, 1845
Glossophagini Bonaparte, 1845
"glossophagines"
Leptonycteris Lydekker, 1891 - Saussure's long-nosed bats
Leptonycteris curasoae Miller, 1900 - lesser long-nosed bat